Isiganeko "sombhobho wetyhefu" esenzeka ngo-Epreli wonyaka ophelileyo senza uluntu lwaxhalaba malunga namachiza (ukutya) kwawo onke amalungiselelo e-capsule, kunye nendlela yokuphelisa iingozi ezinokuthi zikhuseleke kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamachiza e-capsule (ukutya) kuye kwaba yingxaki engxamisekileyo kuthathelwe ingqalelo.Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, uNjingalwazi Feng Guoping, owayesakuba ngusekela mlawuli weSebe loBhaliso lweZiyobisi kwiSebe lezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweZiyobisi kunye nosekela-mongameli we-China Pharmaceutical Packaging Association, wathi ngenxa yokufakelwa okwenziweyo kweepilisi zegelatin yezilwanyana okanye ungcoliseko olwenziwayo. isinyithi esinzima esigqithisa umgangatho, kunzima ukunyanga, kwaye indlela yongcoliseko eyenziweyo ye-capsules yezityalo inokuba yincinci, ngoko ke ukutshintshwa kwee-capsules zezilwanyana kunye ne-plant capsules yindlela esisiseko yokusombulula isifo esinenkani songcoliseko lwe-capsule, kodwa inyaniso kukuba Ixabiso leepilisi zezityalo liphezulu kancinci.

Ngokuqhambuka kwezifo ezosulelayo zemvelaphi yezilwanyana kwihlabathi jikelele, uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe luya luxhalaba ngokhuseleko lwemveliso yezilwanyana.Iipilisi zezityalo zineenzuzo ezibalaseleyo ngaphezu kweepilisi ze-gelatin yezilwanyana ngokubhekiselele ekusebenziseni, ukhuseleko, ukuzinza, kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.

Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ii-capsules ezingenanto zezityalo zavela ngoku, kumazwe aphuhlileyo kumayeza kunye neemveliso zokhathalelo lwempilo zisebenzisa iipilisi zezityalo kumlinganiselo ophezulu nangaphezulu.I-United States ikwafuna ukuba isabelo semarike yee-capsules zezityalo sifikelele ngaphezulu kwe-80% kwiminyaka embalwa.Iipilisi zezityalo eziveliswe nguJiangsu Chenxing Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd. ziye zadlula ukuchongwa kweemveliso zobugcisa besizwe, eziphakamileyo kuneepilisi zegelatin yezilwanyana kuzo zonke iinkalo, kwaye zifaneleke ngokukodwa kwi-anti-life and anti-inflammatory drug, amayeza emveli aseTshayina kunye neemveliso zokhathalelo lwempilo eziphezulu.Ngoko ke, iipilisi zezityalo zithatha indawo engenakuphepheka ye-gelatin yezilwanyana.

Kula manqaku alandelayo, siza kuthetha ngokufutshane malunga nokuphakama kwee-capsules ezingenanto zesityalo ngaphezu kwee-capsules ze-gelatin zezilwanyana.
 
1. Isityalo se-capsule esingenanto yishishini elingangcolisi indalo
Njengoko sonke siyazi, ukuveliswa kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-gelatin yezilwanyana kwenziwa ngokubilisa ulusu kunye nethambo lezilwanyana njengezinto eziluhlaza ngokuphendula kweekhemikhali, kunye nenani elikhulu leekhemikhali zongezwa kwinkqubo.Nabani na oye waya kwi-factory ye-gelatin uyazi ukuba inkqubo yesityalo ekrwada ikhupha ivumba elikhulu, kwaye iya kusebenzisa amanzi amaninzi, okubangela ukungcoliseka okukhulu komoya kunye nokusingqongileyo kwamanzi.Kumazwe aseNtshona aphuhlileyo, ngenxa yemithetho yelizwe, abaninzi abavelisi begelatin bafudusa iifektri zabo kumazwe ehlabathi lesithathu ukunciphisa ungcoliseko kwindawo yabo.

Uninzi lokutsalwa kweentsini zezityalo kukuthatha indlela yokukhutshwa ngokomzimba, ekhutshwe kwizityalo zaselwandle nasemhlabeni, ezingayi kuvelisa ivumba elibolileyo, kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu ubuninzi bamanzi asetyenziswayo kunye nokunciphisa ukungcoliseka kwendalo.

Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-capsule, akukho zinto ezinobungozi zongezwayo, kwaye akukho ngcoliseko yendalo.Izinga lokusebenzisa kwakhona inkunkuma yegelatin liphantsi, kwaye inani elikhulu lemithombo yongcoliseko lenziwa xa inkunkuma ilahlwa.Ke ngoko, amashishini ethu okuvelisa i-capsule yezityalo anokuthiwa "zero emission" amashishini.

2. Uzinzo lwemathiriyeli ekrwada yezityalo ze-capsules ezingenanto
Izixhobo zokuvelisa ijelatin zivela kwizidumbu zezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo ezifana neehagu, iinkomo, iigusha, njl. njl., kunye nesifo senkomo esiphambeneyo, umkhuhlane weentaka, isifo sendlebe, isifo sonyawo kunye nomlomo kunye nokunye okuxhaphakileyo. kwiminyaka yakutshanje zithathwe kwizilwanyana.Xa ukulandeleka kwechiza kufuneka, kudla ngokuba nzima ukulandela xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo imathiriyeli ekrwada ye-capsule.Iglu yesityalo ivela kwizityalo zendalo, ezinokucombulula ngcono ezi ngxaki zingentla.
I-FDA yase-US ikhuphe isikhokelo sangaphambili, ngethemba lokuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje, isabelo semarike yee-capsules ezingenanto kwimarike yase-US iya kufikelela kwi-80%, kwaye esinye sezizathu eziphambili zale ngxaki.

Ngoku, iinkampani ezininzi ezixuba amayeza ziye zacinezela amashishini okubonelela ngee-capsules ezingenanto ngenxa yeengxaki zeendleko, kwaye ii-capsules ezingenanto zingasebenzisa i-gelatin ephantsi ukuze ufumane indawo yokuhlala kwindawo enzima yokuphila.Ngokutsho uphando China Gelatin Association, ixabiso kwimarike yangoku yesiqhelo gelatin amayeza malunga 50,000 yuan / ton, ngelixa ixabiso blue alum ngesikhumba glue 15,000 kuphela yuan - 20,000 yuan / ton.Ke ngoko, abanye abavelisi abanganyanisekanga baqhutywa yiminqweno yokusebenzisa iglue yesikhumba se-alum eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-gelatin ecutshungulwayo kwiimpahla ezindala zesikhumba kunye nezihlangu) ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kuphela kwishishini njengento edliwayo, igelatin yamayeza okanye i-doped.Isiphumo sesangqa esibi esinjalo kukuba impilo yabantu abaqhelekileyo kunzima ukuyiqinisekisa.

3. Izityalo ze-capsules ezingenanto azinayo ingozi ye-gelling reaction
Iicapsules ezingenanto zezityalo zine-inertness eyomeleleyo kwaye akukho lula ukunqumla kunye neziyobisi ezine-aldehyde.Isithako esiphambili se-gelatin capsules yi-collagen, ekulula ukunqumla i-amino acids kunye neziyobisi ezisekelwe kwi-aldehyde, okubangelwa ukusabela okungathandekiyo njengexesha elide lokuchithwa kwe-capsule kunye nokunciphisa ukuchithwa.

4. Isiqulatho samanzi esisezantsi kwii-capsules ezingenanto zezityalo
Isiqulatho sokufuma kwe-gelatin ye-capsules engenanto iphakathi kwe-12.5-17.5%.Iipilisi zeGelatin ezinomxholo ophezulu wamanzi zivame ukufunxa ngokulula ukufuma kwezinto eziqulethweyo okanye zifunxwe ziziqulatho, zenze ii-capsules zithambe okanye zibe brittle, ezichaphazela iyeza ngokwalo.

Isiqulatho samanzi sesityalo se-capsule esingenanto silawulwa phakathi kwe-5 - 8%, ekungekho lula ukusabela kunye neziqulatho, kwaye inokugcina iimpawu ezintle zomzimba ezifana nokuqina komxholo weempawu ezahlukeneyo.
 
5. Iipilisi zezityalo ezingenanto kulula ukuzigcina, ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcina amashishini
I-Gelatin hollow capsules zineemfuno ezingqongqo zeemeko zokugcina kwaye kufuneka zigcinwe kwaye zihanjiswe kwiqondo lokushisa elingaguqukiyo.Kulula ukuthamba kunye nokukhubazeka kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu okanye ukufuma okuphezulu, kwaye kulula ukutyumza kunye nokuqina xa ubushushu obuphantsi okanye ukufuma kuphantsi.
 
Iipilisi zezityalo ezingenanto zineemeko ezikhululekile.Phakathi kobushushu be-10 - 40 ° C, ukufuma kuphakathi kwe-35 - 65%, akukho deformation yokuthambisa okanye ukuqina kunye ne-brittleness.Iimvavanyo ziye zabonisa ukuba phantsi kwemeko yomswakama we-35%, izinga lokunyanzeliswa kwee-capsules zezityalo ≤2%, kunye ne-80 ° C, i-capsule iyatshintsha ≤1%.
Iimfuno zokugcina ezikhululekileyo zinokunciphisa iindleko zokugcina zamashishini.
 
6. Ii-capsules zezityalo ezingenanto ziyakwazi ukwahlula ukudibana nomoya wangaphandle
Inxalenye ephambili ye-gelatin i-capsules e-hollow yi-collagen, kwaye ubunjani bezinto zayo eziluhlaza zinquma ukuba ukuphefumla kwayo kunamandla, okwenza iziqulatho zibe nemiphumo emibi efana nokufuma kunye ne-microorganisms emoyeni.
Indalo ekrwada yee-capsules ezingenanto zezityalo imisela ukuba inokwahlula ngokufanelekileyo iziqulatho zomoya kwaye iphephe iziphumo ezibi ngomoya.
 
7. Ukuzinza kwee-capsules ezingenanto zezityalo
Ixesha elisemthethweni le-gelatin le-capsules elingenanto lihlala limalunga neenyanga ezili-18, kwaye ubomi beshelufu yee-capsules bufutshane, obuhlala buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi beshelufu yechiza.
Ixesha lokuqinisekisa lee-capsules ezingenanto zezityalo ngokubanzi ziinyanga ezingama-36, ezinyusa kakhulu umhla wokuphelelwa kwemveliso.

8. Iipilisi zezityalo ezingenanto azinayo intsalela enjengezithinteli
I-Gelatin i-capsules engenanto kwimveliso yokukhusela ukukhula kwee-microorganisms iya kongeza izigcini ezifana ne-methyl parahydroxybenzoate, ukuba isixa sokongeza sidlula uluhlu oluthile, ekugqibeleni lunokuchaphazela umxholo we-arsenic odlula umgangatho.Kwangaxeshanye, iicapsules ezingenanto zegelatin kufuneka zivalwe emva kokuba imveliso igqityiwe, kwaye okwangoku, phantse zonke iicapsules zegelatin ziyacocwa nge-ethylene oxide, kwaye kuya kubakho iintsalela ze-chloroethanol kwiicapsules emva kokwenziwa inzala kwe-ethylene oxide, kunye neentsalela ze-chloroethane. akuvumelekanga kumazwe angaphandle.

9. Iipilisi zezityalo ezingenanto zineentsimbi ezisezantsi ezinzima
Ngokwemigangatho yelizwe, isinyithi esinzima sesilwanyana se-gelatin capsules esingenanto asikwazi ukudlula i-50ppm, kunye neentsimbi ezinzima ze-gelatin capsules ezininzi ezifanelekileyo ziyi-40 - 50ppm.Ukongeza, iimveliso ezininzi ezingafanelekanga zesinyithi esinzima zigqithise kakhulu umgangatho.Ngokukodwa, isiganeko se "poison capsule" esenzeka kwiminyaka yamuva nje sibangelwa ukugqithisa kwentsimbi enzima "chromium".

10. Iipilisi zezityalo ezingenanto zinokuthi zithintele ukukhula kwebhaktheriya
Eyona mathiriyeli ekrwada yezilwanyana i-gelatin ehollow capsules yi-collagen, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-ejenti yenkcubeko ye-bacteria enegalelo ekwandeni kweebhaktheriya.Ukuba ayiphathwa kakuhle, inani lebhaktheriya liya kudlula umgangatho kwaye liya kuphindaphinda ngobuninzi.
 
Eyona nto ingundoqo ye-capsules yezityalo ezingenanto i-fiber yezityalo, engagcini nje ukuphindaphinda iibhaktheriya ngobuninzi, kodwa inqanda ukukhula kwebhaktheriya.Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba i-capsule ye-hollow yesityalo ibekwe kwindawo eqhelekileyo ixesha elide kwaye inokugcina inani le-microorganisms ngaphakathi komgangatho wesizwe.

11. Izityalo ze-capsules ezingenanto zinendawo yokuzalisa ekhululekile, ukunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa
Iipilisi ze-gelatin zezilwanyana ezingenanto zineemfuno eziphezulu zeqondo lokushisa kunye nomswakama wendalo xa ugcwalisa iziqulatho kumatshini wokuzalisa ngokuzenzekelayo.Ubushushu kunye nokufuma kuphezulu kakhulu, kwaye ii-capsules zithambile kwaye zikhubazekile;Iqondo lokushisa kunye nomswakama uphantsi kakhulu, kwaye i-capsules ilukhuni kwaye i-crunchy;Oku kuya kuchaphazela kakhulu izinga lokupasa kumatshini kwi-capsule.Ngoko ke, indawo yokusebenza kufuneka igcinwe malunga ne-20-24 ° C, kwaye umswakama kufuneka ugcinwe kwi-45-55%.
Iipilisi zezityalo ezingenanto zineemfuno ezikhululekileyo zendawo yokusebenza yeziqulatho ezigcwalisiweyo, kunye namaqondo obushushu phakathi kwe-15 - 30 ° C kunye nokufuma phakathi kwe-35 - 65%, enokugcina ireyithi yokupasa komatshini.
Ingaba ziimfuno zendawo yokusebenza okanye izinga lokupasa komatshini, iindleko zokusetyenziswa zingancitshiswa.
 
12. Iipilisi zezityalo ezingenanto zifanelekile kubathengi beentlanga ezahlukeneyo
Ijelatin yezilwanyana iicapsules ezihollow zenziwe ikakhulu lulusu lwesilwanyana, oluchaswa ngamaMuslim, amaKosher, kunye nabatya imifuno.
Iicapsules ezingenanto zezityalo zenziwe ngeentsinga zezityalo zendalo ezicocekileyo njengezona zixhobo eziphambili, ezifanelekileyo kulo naluphi na uhlanga.

13. Iimveliso ze-capsule zezityalo zinexabiso eliphezulu elongeziweyo
Nangona ixabiso lemarike lee-capsules zezityalo ezingenanto liphezulu kancinane, linenzuzo egqwesileyo kuneepilisi zegelatin yezilwanyana.Kwimichiza ephezulu kunye nemveliso yokhathalelo lwempilo yamkelwa, iphucula kakhulu ibakala lemveliso, inceda impilo yabathengi, ngakumbi ilungele iziyobisi ezichasayo, amayeza emveli aseTshayina kunye nemveliso yokhathalelo lwempilo ephezulu kunye nezinye iimveliso, ngoko ke. ukuba imveliso inexabiso eliphezulu elongeziweyo kunye nokhuphiswano.

Ingaba imveliso yamayeza okanye imveliso yokhathalelo lwempilo, ii-capsules ziyifom yedosi ephambili.Kodwa i-50% yeemveliso zempilo ezibhaliswe kumazwe angaphezu kwama-10,000 ziifom ze-capsule.I-China ivelisa ngaphezu kwe-200 yeebhiliyoni zee-capsules ngonyaka, zonke ziyi-gelatin capsules ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, isiganeko se-"poison capsule" siye saveza iingxaki ezininzi ze-gelatin capsules zendabuko, kwaye ziveze abantu abaninzi abangenampilo kwishishini le-capsule.Isityalo se-capsule esingenanto sisiphumo esibalulekileyo esinokucombulula ezi ngxaki zingentla.I-workshop yemveliso ye-capsule yezityalo ezininzi, iimfuno eziphezulu zenkqubo yemveliso emininzi, idityaniswa nomthombo wezinto eziluhlaza ezisetyenzisiweyo yifayibha yesityalo esisodwa, inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo igalelo eliphantsi, ixabiso eliphantsi, iteknoloji ephantsi ukuba idibanise, kodwa ikwakhusela ngokufanelekileyo igalelo eliphantsi. -ixabiso, elingafanelekanga, i-gelatin eyingozi ibe yinto ephambili ye-capsule.

Ekuqaleni kuka-2000, i-United States yavelisa i-capsule yesityalo, kwaye ixabiso layo lokuthengisa lehla ukusuka kwi-yuan engaphezu kwe-1,000 ukuya kwi-yuan engaphezu kwama-500 ngoku.Kwimarike yamazwe aphuhlileyo afana ne-United States kunye neYurophu, ngakumbi kwiminyaka yamuva nje, isabelo semarike yee-capsules zezityalo sikhuphuke saya kutsho kuma-50%, sikhula ngesantya se-30% ngonyaka.Izinga lokukhula liyothusa kakhulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwee-capsules zezityalo kumazwe athuthukileyo kuye kwaba ngumkhwa.

Idityaniswe noku kungasentla, iikhepsuli ezingenanto zezityalo zineengenelo ezininzi nezingenakuphinda zibuyiselwe xa kuthelekiswa nekhepsuli yesilwanyana yegelatin.Iicapsules zezityalo azinakwenzeka ukuba zingcoliseke ngokwenziwa, ngoko ke ukutshintshwa kwee-capsules zezilwanyana kunye ne-plant capsules yeyona ndlela isisiseko yokusombulula isifo esizingileyo songcoliseko lwe-capsule.Iya kuxatyiswa ngakumbi kumazwe aphuhlileyo angaphandle, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe isetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo kwishishini lamayeza, ishishini lemveliso yokhathalelo lwempilo, kunye neshishini lokutya.Inokubonwa ukuba nangona i-capsules yesityalo esingenanto ayinakuthatha indawo ngokupheleleyo i-gelatin capsules, kufuneka ibe yimveliso ebalulekileyo yokutshintshwa kwezilwanyana ze-gelatin capsules.